{"id":2858,"date":"2025-11-12T08:53:45","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/?p=2858"},"modified":"2025-11-12T08:56:26","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:56:26","slug":"%e3%83%ac%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab%e7%a0%94%e5%89%8a%e7%9b%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/ja\/%e3%83%ac%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab%e7%a0%94%e5%89%8a%e7%9b%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30ec\u30fc\u30eb\u30b0\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Rail Grinder<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u00a0rail grinder<\/b> (or railgrinder) is a\u00a0maintenance of way<\/a>\u00a0vehicle or train used to restore the profile and remove irregularities from worn\u00a0tracks<\/a>\u00a0to extend its life and to improve the ride of trains using the track. Rail grinders were developed to increase the lifespan of the tracks being serviced for rail corrugation.\u00a0Rail grinding<\/a>\u00a0is a process that is done to stop the deformation due to use and friction on railroad tracks by removing deformations and corrosion.[<\/span>1]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Railway tracks that experience continual use are more likely to experience corrugation and overall wear. Rail grinders are used to grind the tracks when rail corrugation is present, or before corrugation begins to form on the tracks. Major\u00a0freight train<\/a>\u00a0tracks use rail grinders for track maintenance based on the interval of tonnage, rather than time.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Transit systems and\u00a0subways<\/a>\u00a0in major cities continue to use scheduled rail grinding processes to combat the corrugation common to heavily used tracks. Rail-grinding equipment may be mounted on a single self-propelled vehicle or on a dedicated rail-grinding train which, when used on an extensive network, may include crew quarters. The grinding wheels, of which there may be more than 100, are set at controlled angles to restore the track to its correct profile.<\/p>

<\/a>
A rail grinder and its operator in Montreal, 1912<\/figcaption><\/figure>

The machines have been in use in North America and Europe since the early 20th century. They are made by specialist rail maintenance companies who may also operate them under contract.<\/p>

The early 2000s saw several advancements in rail maintenance technology, most notably the introduction of track reprofiling by rail\u00a0milling<\/a>\u00a0trains for which advantages in accuracy of the profile and quality of the processed surface are claimed. A second technology that is gaining widespread acceptance in Europe, Germany in particular, is\u00a0high-speed grinding<\/a>. While it cannot reprofile rails like milling or other grinding trains, its working speed of approximately 80\u00a0km\/h allows defect removal and prevention to be achieved with little or no impact on other scheduled traffic.<\/p>

<\/a>
Switch and crossing rail grinder<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a>
Rail grinders are sometimes made from former passenger vehicles, like this one in Toronto.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a>
Welded mass of steel shavings left behind after a grinder passes by.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
<\/a>
Rail Grinder number 876 (SPENO RPS 32\u20131) in\u00a0Beit Shemesh<\/a>,\u00a0Israel<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

Hand-held rail grinders<\/h2><\/div>

The ERICO Company manufactures hand-held rail grinders and drills for the railway industry as maintenance of way tools. ERICO uses Honda four-stroke engines to power their railway drill and rail grinder. Rail grinders are used for rail preparation prior to the attachment of bonds, and serve as a multipurpose tool capable of rail preparation, maintenance and repair.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>

Grinding quality index<\/h2><\/div>

The grinding quality index (GQI) is a software-based template used to measure the\u00a0profile<\/a>\u00a0of a rail. This allows the desired rail profile to be compared to the actual rail profile. GQI software makes use of laser-based hardware mounted to the front and rear of the rail grinder. The use of laser-based hardware on maintenance of way vehicles such as rail grinders allows workers and contractors to take precise measurements of the rail profile before and after grinding. The GQI is rated from 0 (low priority) to 100 (high priority). Grinding Quality Software is able to record and document measurements independently and provide a GQI rating for each rail on the track for before and after each pass on the grinder. The advantage of using GQI software is the ability to produce post-grinding reports for later usage by planners to help further prioritize and monitor grinding profiles in the future. GQI reports also provide analysis on the consistency of profiling to determine if grinding operations are consistently improving or deteriorating the rail profile. The usage of GQI software also provides the ability to produce accurate assessments of rail grinder effectiveness in real-time which allows for work to be prioritized more efficiently and be executed in a timely manner.[<\/span>4]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>

Health concerns<\/h2><\/div>

In the railway industry, there are risks with the prolonged use of maintenance of way vehicles during track maintenance and construction. A common risk is prolonged exposure to excessive\u00a0whole body vibration<\/a>\u00a0and shock exposure to the vertical and horizontal axes of the\u00a0lumbar<\/a>\u00a0spine and\u00a0vertebral<\/a>\u00a0endplate, which can lead to spinal injury and or long-term damage to the vertebral bone\u00a0structure<\/a>. The\u00a0American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists<\/a>\u00a0has proposed thresholds for whole-body vibration with certain guidelines also being based on ISO-2631 standards, but no exposure thresholds for maintenance of way vehicles have been widely published or enforced. The ACGIH-TLV limits whole-body vibration to no more than 8\u00a0hours. In the European Union a risk assessment model (VibRisk model) for structural failure of the lumbar spine in the lower back was proposed as a result of vibration risk research. The VibRisk model provides more specific risk assessments of vertebral endplate failure on individual lumbar levels taking into account driver posture. When compared, risk assessments using the VibRisk Model rate a higher risk of vertebral endplate failure at different lumbar levels than ISO-2631 Part\u00a05 standards suggest. The main contributing factor that VibRisk incorporates that the ISO-2631 Part\u00a05 standards are lacking is the recognition of operator posture as an additional stress factor when exposed to vibration and multiple shocks.[<\/span>5]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>

Rail corrugation<\/h2><\/div>
For the 1924 Harry Carey movie, see\u00a0Roaring Rails<\/a>.<\/div>
<\/a>
Rail corrugation<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Rail corrugation or\u00a0roaring rails<\/b>\u00a0is a type of track wear that develops from track and train\u00a0wheel set<\/a>\u00a0contact over time. Once this process has started, it will begin to grow exponentially worse as time progresses. The wear that develops due to the wheel set contact between railways takes its form in the many troughs and crests it leaves behind over time, which may or may not develop into rail corrugation, depending on the circumstances. Rails that are heavily used and put under continual and constant wear will develop rail corrugation. Rail corrugation is represented in wavelength.[<\/span>1]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Typically, heavily corrugated rails experience a concave deformation on the top of the railroad track in 20\u00a0mm to 200\u00a0mm intervals.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Significant rail corrugation can decrease the service life of tracks and make the replacement of the affected track necessary. Rail corrugation is caused by the friction between the rail and the train wheels tangentially, vertically, and axially.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Wear corrugation is a result of friction on the lower rail, which comes in contact with the train wheel. Excessive corrugation can be identified by the wavelength found on the higher, or outer, rail.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Rail corrugation may be limited or lessened with the use of heat treated or\u00a0alloyed<\/a>\u00a0rails, as opposed to the traditional carbon composite rail.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The estimated tendency for wear is calculated by taking into account fluctuations in track and wheel set contact which causes the amount of wear to vary. The dynamic properties of different lines of the track can lead to varied degrees of rail corrugation through the use of high-speed wheel sets. In a study of\u00a0high-speed railroad<\/a>\u00a0tracks, four types of tracks were studied for their tendency to develop corrugation (RHEDA 200, AFTRAV, STEDEF, and high performance\u00a0ballasted track<\/a>) and of the four considered the ballasted track was the one least prone to rail corrugation with the AFTRAV track being the second most reliable as well.[<\/span>6]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>

Causes<\/h3><\/div>

It is generally accepted that a few distinct causes lie behind different wavelengths of railroad corrugation.[<\/span>7]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>[<\/span>8]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0One study indicates that the specific short-wave railroad deformity is mainly caused by pinned-pinned resonance, in which the rail vibrates as a fixed beam, as if pinned between periodically placed\u00a0sleepers<\/a>. The dynamic train-track interaction that causes fixed frequency vibrations at high speeds, commonly observed in light load\u00a0metro<\/a>\u00a0operations, and the anti-resonance caused by the pinning of the rails on sleepers, causes deformation and the “roaring” corrugation of the rails.<\/p>

Rail corrugation prevention<\/h2><\/div>

Rail corrugation may be prevented by selecting rails with material compositions that are more resistant to corrugation. Heat-treated alloy steel rails with relative hardness are the most resistant, as opposed to\u00a0Bessemer<\/a>\u00a0steels, due to a greater relative hardness. Rails with a\u00a0Brinell hardness<\/a>\u00a0of 320 to 360 are best for corrugation-resistant rails.[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Trains may vary speed on the tracks in an effort to prevent corrugation from affecting sections or rail on a transit systems.[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Varying a train’s speed, direction, and\u00a0tonnage<\/a>\u00a0are beneficial for combating the growth of rail corrugation, as corrugation is caused by continually uniform friction.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0On subways and major transit systems, it is not possible to vary the direction of trains, making the use of annual and biennial rail grinding processes more applicable.<\/p>

Preventive rail grinding<\/h2><\/div>

Preventive rail grinding is done before any signs of rail corrugation development. Rail corrugation will develop exponentially if the first signs of rail corrugation are not ground or serviced.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Preventive grinding removes the deformation from friction and the chemical breakdown of the tracks.[<\/span>1]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Regular rail grinding is the primary maintenance operation used to combat roaring rail or short-pitched rail corrugation.[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Rail grinding operations occur periodically in order to prevent rail corrugation from occurring. Rail grinding cars can be taken down freight lines that traverse long distances in the same direction if the freight railway is used continually[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Rail corrugation, the carbon growth of the rail which is increased by friction, grows exponentially.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>

Rail corrugation noise treatment<\/h2><\/div>

Rail corrugation is frequently the subject of community noise complaints. Often, vibrations of the corrugated track will become progressively worse, generating more friction and metal on metal contact. Roaring rail corrugation is a common reason for noise complaints in urban and suburban communities and is most prevalent when trains travel at moderate speed.[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0It is often called short-pitch corrugation and is responsible for the majority of community reaction.[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The loud and uncomfortable vibration caused by rail corrugation on transit systems affects both transit system passengers and local communities where the railroads intersect. Short-pitch corrugation creates significantly more noise than normal railroad track friction, with a tone of about 500 to 800 hertz.[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Short-pitch corrugation is most commonly seen on railroads that do not experience regular rail grinding maintenance or that are rarely used. Rail support stiffness directly correlates with short-pitch corrugation.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Derailments, extreme weather damage, or aging infrastructure can trigger emergencies that halt services entirely. Federal Railroad Administration data indicates over 1,000 track-related incidents occur annually in the U.S., many leading to costly downtime and elevated safety risks. A well-defined action plan is critical when every second counts.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/ja\/\u30ec\u30fc\u30eb\u7814\u524a\u76e4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rail Grinder\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When a rail line experiences sudden shutdowns due to track failures, operational efficiency and safety are immediately compromised. Derailments, extreme weather damage, or aging infrastructure can trigger emergencies that halt services entirely. Federal Railroad Administration data indicates over 1,000 track-related incidents occur annually in the U.S., many leading to costly downtime and elevated safety risks. A well-defined action plan is critical when every second counts.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/ja\/\u30ec\u30fc\u30eb\u7814\u524a\u76e4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rail Grinding Wheel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/people\/Jumbo-Abrasives-Company\/100088416174057\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-12T08:53:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-12T08:56:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/HARSCO-RGH20C-3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Shao Junying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ShaoJunying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ShaoJunying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u57f7\u7b46\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Shao Junying\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u63a8\u5b9a\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u6642\u9593\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9\u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Shao Junying\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7bfe83932abe83307dd380c77ba0541f\"},\"headline\":\"Rail Grinder\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-12T08:53:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-12T08:56:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/\"},\"wordCount\":1671,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/HARSCO-RGH20C-3.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ja\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/\",\"name\":\"Rail Grinder | Rail Grinding Wheel\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/rail-grinder\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/HARSCO-RGH20C-3.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-12T08:53:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-12T08:56:26+00:00\",\"description\":\"When a rail line experiences sudden shutdowns due to track failures, operational efficiency and safety are immediately compromised. 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