{"id":3258,"date":"2025-12-01T13:46:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T13:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/?p=3258"},"modified":"2026-01-28T14:04:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T14:04:37","slug":"soudage-a-larc-pour-les-voies-ferrees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/fr\/soudage-a-larc-pour-les-voies-ferrees\/","title":{"rendered":"Soudage par thermosoudage des voies ferr\u00e9es"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Soudage par thermosoudage des voies ferr\u00e9es<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Comme nous le savons tous, les voies ferr\u00e9es sont produites avec certaines longueurs, telles que 12,5m, 25m, et les plus longues de 50m \u00e0 100m. Quelle que soit la longueur des rails, ils doivent \u00eatre joints bout \u00e0 bout pour former une voie ferr\u00e9e continue. Cela peut \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par des joints de rail (\u00e9clisses) ou des m\u00e9thodes de soudage. Pour l'instant, nous nous concentrons sur le soudage des voies ferr\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>

Il existe quatre m\u00e9thodes courantes de soudage\u00a0voies ferr\u00e9es<\/a>. Il s'agit du soudage par \u00e9tincelage, du soudage sous pression de gaz, du soudage \u00e0 l'arc sous enveloppe et du soudage par thermosoudage. Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences entre ces m\u00e9thodes ? Nous avons r\u00e9sum\u00e9 les applications dans diff\u00e9rentes conditions de construction pour vous permettre de les comparer.<\/p>

\u00c9tat de la construction<\/span><\/th>soudage par thermoformage<\/span><\/th>soudage \u00e0 l'arc sous enveloppe<\/span><\/th>soudage flash-butt<\/span><\/th>soudage gaz-pression<\/span><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Lieu fixe<\/td>Oui<\/td>Non<\/td>Applicable<\/td>Applicable<\/td><\/tr>
Lieu fixe<\/td>Pas pour une utilisation massive<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Pour une utilisation massive<\/td>Pour une utilisation massive<\/td><\/tr>
Sur la voie ferr\u00e9e<\/td>Applicable<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td><\/tr>
Extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du rail de forme sp\u00e9ciale<\/td>Applicable<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td><\/tr>
Pendant de courts intervalles de conduite<\/td>Applicable<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td><\/tr>
Pas d'arr\u00eat (tramway uniquement)<\/td>Applicable<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td>Non<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

En un mot, le soudage par thermosoudage est la m\u00e9thode la plus utilis\u00e9e pour souder les voies ferr\u00e9es. Elle est simple \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre et ne n\u00e9cessite pas d'\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique. L'\u00e9quipement et les mat\u00e9riaux n\u00e9cessaires sont faciles \u00e0 obtenir.\u00a0<\/p>

Le principe de la soudure thermo\u00e9lectrique du chemin de fer<\/h2>

Le soudage \u00e0 la thermite des rails est une m\u00e9thode de soudage qui utilise la chaleur de la r\u00e9action chimique comme source de chaleur. Lors du soudage, les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s des deux rails sont fix\u00e9es \u00e0 l'avance dans le moule, puis le m\u00e9lange de poudre d'aluminium et de poudre d'oxyde de fer (appel\u00e9 thermite) est chauff\u00e9 dans le creuset. Une r\u00e9action exothermique produit du m\u00e9tal liquide (fer) et du laitier en fusion qui sont inject\u00e9s dans le moule. Le m\u00e9tal liquide s'\u00e9coule dans les interstices du joint pour former le m\u00e9tal de la soudure, tandis que le laitier flotte \u00e0 la surface. Pour ajuster la temp\u00e9rature de la fonte et la composition chimique du m\u00e9tal soud\u00e9, des additifs et des alliages appropri\u00e9s sont souvent ajout\u00e9s \u00e0 la thermite.<\/p>

\"thermosoudure
Soudure \u00e0 la thermite pour les voies ferr\u00e9es<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>

Le processus de soudage des rails de chemin de fer<\/h2>
\"processus<\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>

\u00a0<\/p>

  1. Pr\u00e9paration<\/span><\/li><\/ol>

    Pr\u00e9paration de l'\u00e9quipement et du mat\u00e9riel auxiliaire<\/span>
    Mat\u00e9riel consomm\u00e9 : thermite\uff0c moule en sable\uff0c creuset\uff0c boue de scellement, allumettes \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature, meule, propane, oxyg\u00e8ne, tuyau.
    \u00c9quipement auxiliaire : moule, bac \u00e0 scories, fourchette \u00e0 creuset, support de moule \u00e0 sable, couvercle de moule \u00e0 sable, r\u00e8gle inclin\u00e9e de 1 m, thermom\u00e8tre \u00e0 rail, dispositif de serrage, pied-de-biche, cadre de pr\u00e9chauffage, cale en acier.
    Machines auxiliaires : scie \u00e0 rail, polisseuse, meuleuse portative, etc.<\/p>

    Pr\u00e9paration des voies ferr\u00e9es<\/span>
    D\u00e9charger les 2-4 paires de\u00a0attaches de rail<\/a>\u00a0de part et d'autre de l'embout \u00e0 souder.<\/p>

    \"\u00e9quipement<\/figure><\/div>
    1. Nettoyage et s\u00e9chage des extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s des rails<\/span>
      Utiliser le\u00a0      broyeur portable<\/a>\u00a0pour enlever la rouille et d\u00e9contaminer l'extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du rail. Assurez-vous que la face des extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s de rail \u00e0 souder est s\u00e8che et propre.<\/li>
    2. Alignement de l'extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du rail<\/span>
      La largeur entre les deux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s du rail doit \u00eatre comprise entre 27 mm et 30 m. L'alignement vertical et horizontal du champignon, de l'\u00e2me et du patin du rail est requis.<\/li>
    3. Installation des appareils<\/span>
      L'appareil doit \u00eatre install\u00e9 dans le sens du vent.<\/li>
    4. Installation d'un moule en sable<\/span>
      Le trou de coul\u00e9e est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement taill\u00e9 pour \u00e9viter que des particules de sable ne tombent pendant le pr\u00e9chauffage et la coul\u00e9e, ce qui entra\u00eenerait la formation de scories de soudage.
      Installez d'abord la plaque de fond, puis le moule lat\u00e9ral, et enfin utilisez le collier de serrage pour fixer le moule \u00e0 sable.<\/li>
    5. Scellement<\/span>
      Appliquer de la boue d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 \u00e0 la sortie du moule \u00e0 sable et au filetage de la fixation pour assurer l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 du moule \u00e0 sable et du rail.<\/li>
    6. Pr\u00e9chauffage<\/span>
      Tout d'abord, r\u00e9glez la pression de travail du propane et de l'oxyg\u00e8ne. Deuxi\u00e8mement, installez l'appareil de chauffage sur le cadre, r\u00e9glez la buse au centre du moule de sable et placez le bouchon de d\u00e9rivation sur le bord du moule de sable, retirez l'appareil de chauffage du support et allumez la buse. Troisi\u00e8mement, r\u00e9glez la pression et le rapport de m\u00e9lange du propane et de l'oxyg\u00e8ne pour obtenir la meilleure flamme. Enfin, pr\u00e9chauffez pendant 5 minutes.<\/li>
    7. Installation du creuset<\/span>
      Cette \u00e9tape est pr\u00e9par\u00e9e en m\u00eame temps que le pr\u00e9chauffage. M\u00e9langez uniform\u00e9ment la thermite et versez-la dans le creuset. Ins\u00e9rez l'allumette \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature, puis recouvrez le creuset.<\/li>
    8. Allumage<\/span>
      Placez le creuset sur le moule en sable d\u00e8s que le pr\u00e9chauffage est termin\u00e9. V\u00e9rifiez la position et allumez rapidement l'allumette.<\/li>
    9. R\u00e9action thermite<\/span>
      Observez la r\u00e9action chimique. L'apparition d'une flamme nue est le point de d\u00e9part de la r\u00e9action thermitique. D\u00e8s que la flamme s'\u00e9teint, la r\u00e9action chimique s'arr\u00eate. Normalement, le temps de r\u00e9action de la thermite est de 8 \u00e0 15 secondes.<\/li>
    10. D\u00e9moulage<\/span>
      Retirer le moule en sable et le bac \u00e0 scories 5 minutes apr\u00e8s la coul\u00e9e du fer en fusion.<\/li>
    11. Couper l'exc\u00e9dent de thermite<\/span>
      Couper le surplus de thermite et plier ceux qui d\u00e9passent de part et d'autre de la base du rail.<\/li>
    12. Broyage<\/span>
      Il s'agit de l'\u00e9tape finale du soudage des rails. Elle permet de rendre la surface des rails assembl\u00e9s plane et lisse.<\/li><\/ol>

      Une fois les 13 \u00e9tapes termin\u00e9es, v\u00e9rifiez les joints de soudure pour vous assurer qu'ils sont conformes aux normes. Remettez la voie ferr\u00e9e \u00e0 sa place d'origine. Il reste \u00e9galement des travaux de nettoyage \u00e0 effectuer. Les ouvriers doivent enlever la poussi\u00e8re, les scories, la ferraille, le moule en sable et le creuset.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      Thermit Welding For Railroad Tracks As we all know, railroad tracks are produced with certain lengths, such as 12.5m, 25m, and the lengthen ones from 50m to 100m. No matter how long the railroad rail is, they need to be joined end to end to make a continuous railroad. This can be realized by rail […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3266,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"right-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"boxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"disabled","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"disabled","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nThermit Welding For Railroad Tracks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There are four common methods for welding railroad tracks. They are the flash-butt welding, the gas-pressure welding, the enclosed-arc welding, and the thermit welding. What are the differences between these methods? We have summarized the applications under different construction conditions for your comparison.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/fr\/soudage-a-larc-pour-les-voies-ferrees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Thermit Welding For Railroad Tracks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There are four common methods for welding railroad tracks. They are the flash-butt welding, the gas-pressure welding, the enclosed-arc welding, and the thermit welding. What are the differences between these methods? We have summarized the applications under different construction conditions for your comparison.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/fr\/soudage-a-larc-pour-les-voies-ferrees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rail Grinding Wheel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/people\/Jumbo-Abrasives-Company\/100088416174057\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-01T13:46:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-28T14:04:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermit-Welding-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Shao Junying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ShaoJunying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ShaoJunying\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Shao Junying\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Shao Junying\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7bfe83932abe83307dd380c77ba0541f\"},\"headline\":\"Thermit Welding For Railroad Tracks\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-01T13:46:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-28T14:04:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/\"},\"wordCount\":809,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermit-Welding-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/\",\"name\":\"Thermit Welding For Railroad Tracks\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/thermit-welding-for-railroad-tracks\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.railgrindingwheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermit-Welding-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-01T13:46:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-28T14:04:37+00:00\",\"description\":\"There are four common methods for welding railroad tracks. 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